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Contemporary African Historical Fiction in English: ”Contested Pasts”and ”Potential History”

Présentation

In “The Postcolonial Novel: History and Memory” (2012), C. L. Innes explains that “for many postcolonial writers history is the crucible out of which their fiction is fashioned. They respond not only to written histories in terms of content and narrative form, but also to concepts of history”. Historical facts are central in contemporary African fiction written in English, and these writers offer a redefinition of (what makes) history.

It thus seems important to try and determine what the politics and poetics of “contested pasts” (Dalley) and “potential history” (Azoulay) underlying these works are. Paul Ricoeur once wrote that “[i]nsofar as it no longer exists, the discourse on history can seek to grasp it only indirectly. It is here that the relation with fiction shows itself as crucial. The reconstruction of the past […] is the work of the imagination”. How “true” are these works? Nigerian Chinua Achebe once declared that he wrote his seminal Things Fall Apart [1958] in the realist vein, “in the way fiction can be true”? What are the modalities underlying the transmission of (post)colonial history? What are the generic propositions made by these African writers? Realism? African futurism? Magic Realism? To what extent do these works embrace the ontological turn in history? How do they position themselves in regard to postmodernism’s rejection of history when racialised and colonized people aim to write over their erasure from history? How do these authors adopt a decolonial mindset to challenge Western views of history as fixed, written, and tied to a Realist literary tradition? Do they enable to retrieve silenced/eclipsed beings from the past, those unrecognized in archives, those who “have no part” (Rancière)? How important is characterisation, verisimilitude, and narrative ethics in these African writers’ respective approach? What ethics of writing underlies these writers’ approaches to the writing of history especially in a (postcolonial) context where “history, in short, was the annals of the bully on the ground” (in Serpell, 2019)?

Khadr Hamza will analyse Nigerian writer Buchi Emecheta’s The Rape of Shavi by adopting the lens of science-fiction. He argues that Emecheta uses the possibilities of fiction to break away from the historical context and reinterpret the colonial encounter. Roxana Sicoe-Tirea Bauduin will explore Nigerian writer Sarah Ladipo Manyika’s In Dependence and her contribution to the historical fiction genre by pondering over the ethical considerations of writing history in a postcolonial context. Aurélie Journo will take a look at Anglophone 21st Century Kenyan writers such as Yvonne Owuor, Peter Kimani, Parselelo Kantai and Andia Kisia, and the modalities they put in place to fictionalise Kenyan history. Guillaume Cingal will delve into the issue of “magic realism” as a decolonising strategy in Kenyan writer Khadija Abdalla Bajaber’s The House of Rust. Finally, Elise Finielz will deal with the Francophone voices of Léonora Miano, Maryse Condé and Evelyne Trouillot, and their links with history.

Coordination : Indiana Lods and Cédric Courtois

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